The technology that ensures data remains confidential and intact during transmission is called encryption. Encryption transforms data into an unreadable format that can only be reverted to its original form by someone with the correct decryption key. This process protects sensitive information from unauthorized access, ensuring that data transmitted over networks is secure from eavesdroppers or cyber attacks. Techniques such as SSL/TLS for web communications and AES for data storage are commonly used to secure data in transit and at rest.