The technology that enables developers to create interactive web applications without reloading the page is known as AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML). AJAX allows web applications to send and receive data asynchronously with the server, enabling updates to websites in real-time. This leads to a smoother user experience, as users can interact with a website without interruptions. By minimizing page reloads, AJAX improves performance and responsiveness, which is essential for modern web applications that demand high interactivity and user engagement.