A star configuration is a type of network topology in which all nodes are connected to a central hub or switch. This design allows for easy management of the network, as devices communicate through the central point. If one node fails, it does not affect the others, promoting reliability. Additionally, a star topology simplifies troubleshooting and enhances performance due to its reduced data collision risk. It is commonly used in local area networks (LANs) for its scalability and ease of installation.