Smart refrigerators function primarily through Internet of Things (IoT) technology, which integrates various sensors and connectivity features to monitor and manage food items. These refrigerators can connect to the internet, allowing users to access their contents remotely, receive notifications about expiration dates, and even suggest recipes based on available ingredients. With built-in sensors, they can track inventory levels and integrate with smart home systems for automation. This technology revolutionizes food management, making it easier for consumers to reduce waste and maintain fresh produce.