The technology underpinning the functionality of smart homes primarily includes the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. These devices are interconnected through home networks, allowing for seamless communication and control. Automated systems can manage lighting, heating, security, and appliances, all potentially remotely accessed via smartphones or personal assistants. This not only enhances convenience but also improves energy efficiency and home security. As advancements in IoT technology continue, smart homes increasingly incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) to learn user preferences and optimize automated processes.