The technology used in self-driving cars primarily includes artificial intelligence and machine learning, which enable the vehicle to interpret sensory data and make real-time driving decisions. Other essential technologies include LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, ultrasonic sensors, and GPS for navigation and environmental awareness. These components work together to create a comprehensive understanding of the vehicle's surroundings, allowing it to navigate roads, avoid obstacles, and operate in various driving conditions, all while enhancing safety and efficiency on the road.