At the core of smart grid systems is smart metering technology, which facilitates real-time monitoring and management of energy consumption. Smart meters provide consumers and utility companies with detailed data on energy use, allowing for more efficient energy distribution and consumption. These systems enable two-way communication between utilities and customers, fostering demand response strategies that optimize energy usage during peak periods. Additionally, smart grids enhance reliability and promote the integration of renewable energy sources, contributing to a more sustainable energy ecosystem. This technology represents a critical advancement in modern energy management.