The technology that allows for creating safe and secure online transactions primarily involves encryption protocols such as SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and its successor, TLS (Transport Layer Security). These technologies establish an encrypted link between a user's browser and a web server, ensuring that all data transmitted remains confidential and protected from eavesdropping. By implementing robust encryption methods, online businesses can build trust with customers, comply with security regulations, and reduce the risk of fraud and data breaches.