The programming paradigm that emphasizes immutability is known as functional programming. This approach treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids changing-state and mutable data. In functional programming, data is typically immutable, meaning it cannot be changed once created. This leads to more predictable and reliable code, as functions can be composed and reused without unintended side effects. Languages like Haskell, Scala, and Elixir are notable examples that follow this paradigm, promoting purity and referential transparency in code.