Microprocessors are the heart of modern computers, allowing for the execution of complex tasks by processing data and executing instructions. They integrate multiple functions onto a single chip, enhancing performance and reducing power consumption compared to earlier CPU designs. With their ability to handle multiple tasks simultaneously, microprocessors have enabled advancements in computing power, software applications, and the development of embedded systems. They form the backbone of devices ranging from personal computers to smartphones and IoT devices, driving innovation and technological growth in various fields.