The primary purpose of penetration testing in cybersecurity is to identify and exploit vulnerabilities in a system, network, or application to evaluate its security posture. By simulating real-world attacks, penetration testers can uncover weaknesses that could be exploited by malicious actors. This proactive approach enables organizations to strengthen their cybersecurity defenses, rectify vulnerabilities, and prioritize resource allocation for security improvements. Regular penetration testing is essential for maintaining compliance and minimizing risks associated with potential data breaches or security incidents.