Middleware acts as a bridge in software architecture, facilitating communication between different applications or components within a system. It enables systems to interoperate by providing common functionalities like message routing, authentication, and data management. By abstracting low-level operations, middleware allows developers to focus on higher-level application logic, enhancing productivity and reducing complexity. Examples include database middleware and application servers, which improve scalability and flexibility. Ultimately, middleware streamlines development processes, enabling greater efficiency in building and deploying distributed systems.