In the context of Industry 4.0, "smart manufacturing" refers to the integration of advanced technologies like IoT (Internet of Things), AI (Artificial Intelligence), and automation into manufacturing processes. This approach enhances production efficiency, reduces waste, and optimizes supply chains through real-time data analysis. Smart manufacturing systems enable predictive maintenance, where machines self-monitor and alert operators before failures occur, minimizing downtime. By harnessing data to inform decision-making, organizations can produce higher-quality products, respond rapidly to market demands, and innovate more effectively.