“Data encryption” refers to the process of transforming plain data into an unreadable format to protect it from unauthorized access. By using cryptographic algorithms, the encrypted data (ciphertext) can only be reverted to its original form (plaintext) by someone possessing the correct decryption key. This practice is vital for ensuring data confidentiality and integrity, particularly in sensitive communications and online transactions. Effective implementation of data encryption safeguards personal and organizational information from cyber threats and breaches.