An embedded system is a dedicated computing system designed for specific functions within a larger mechanical or electrical system. It typically includes a microcontroller, software, and peripherals, and is commonly used in devices like household appliances, automobiles, and medical equipment. Unlike general-purpose computers, embedded systems are optimized for particular tasks, offering efficiency and reliability. These systems are often real-time, ensuring timely responses to inputs or changes in conditions. Their integration in various applications makes them crucial for modern technology infrastructure.