User engagement models define how applications retain and attract users by outlining strategies for interaction and experience. These models focus on understanding user behavior, preferences, and motivations to enhance engagement. By analyzing metrics such as retention rates and conversion rates, businesses can identify effective practices that foster loyalty and long-term use. Incorporating feedback loops and personalization techniques can further optimize user experiences, ultimately driving application growth and success. Thus, robust user engagement models are essential for sustaining competitive advantage in digital landscapes.