The term "neural network" refers to a computational model inspired by the human brain, used in artificial intelligence. Neural networks consist of interconnected nodes or "neurons," structured in layers (input, hidden, and output) to process and analyze complex data. They excel in tasks such as image recognition, natural language processing, and predictive analytics. Through a learning process called backpropagation, neural networks adjust their parameters based on input data, gradually improving accuracy. Their versatility makes them essential in various AI applications across diverse industries.