The term 'malware' encompasses a range of malicious software designed to harm, exploit, or damage computer systems and networks. This includes varieties such as viruses, worms, trojans, and spyware, which can lead to data breaches, identity theft, or system failures. Malware often spreads through phishing attacks, infected downloads, or vulnerabilities in software. Protecting systems against malware involves using antivirus software, regular system updates, and user awareness about cybersecurity practices to minimize risks.