The term “artificial neural network” relates to a subset of machine learning in AI, modeled after the human brain's interconnected neuron structure. These networks consist of layers of nodes or “neurons” that process input data and identify patterns through training. ANNs are widely used for tasks such as image recognition, natural language processing, and predictive analytics, where they excel at learning from large datasets. They enable computers to perform complex tasks by recognizing relationships in data, mimicking human cognitive processes.