HTTP/2 improves upon its predecessor, HTTP, through binary framing and header compression, which enhance data transmission efficiency. It enables multiplexing, allowing multiple requests and responses to be sent simultaneously over a single connection without blocking. This reduces latency and improves page load times. Additionally, HTTP/2 supports server push, permitting servers to send resources to clients proactively. Overall, these advancements lead to more efficient utilization of network resources and a better user experience on the web.