The main advantages of using a microservices architecture include improved scalability, flexibility, and easier maintenance. In this approach, applications are divided into smaller, independent services that can be developed, deployed, and updated separately. This modularity allows teams to work concurrently on different aspects of the application, fostering faster development cycles. Additionally, microservices can be scaled individually based on demand, optimizing resource use. This architecture also enhances fault tolerance; if one service fails, the others can continue functioning, thus improving overall application resiliency.