Automation affects productivity in manufacturing by streamlining operations, reducing human error, and increasing output. Through robotics and AI, tasks such as assembly, quality control, and inventory management can be done more efficiently and consistently. This technological integration allows manufacturers to operate at higher speeds and lower costs, ultimately boosting profitability. However, while automation enhances productivity, it also demands a workforce skilled in operating and maintaining advanced machinery, necessitating ongoing training and adaptation. Organizations must carefully manage this transition to balance efficiency gains with workforce implications.