A robot's sensory system functions by utilizing various sensors to perceive its environment and gather information. These sensors can include cameras, infrared sensors, and tactile sensors, which provide data about distance, temperature, pressure, and visual cues. This information is processed by the robot's control system, enabling it to make decisions and respond to stimuli in real-time. The sensory inputs allow robots to navigate, identify objects, and perform tasks effectively. As technology advances, the integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence enhances a robot's ability to interpret sensory data, leading to improved autonomy and functionality.