A DNS (Domain Name System) server translates domain names into IP addresses, enabling users to access websites using easily memorable names instead of numerical addresses. When a user enters a website address, the DNS server interprets that name and provides the corresponding IP address, allowing the user's device to connect to the desired server. This system plays a crucial role in the functionality of the internet, making it user-friendly and accessible. Without DNS, users would need to memorize complex IP addresses for every website they wish to visit.