Biometric systems authenticate user identities through unique physiological or behavioral traits, such as fingerprints, facial recognition, or voice patterns. These systems capture and analyze biometric data to create a distinctive template for each user. During the authentication process, the system compares the captured data against stored templates to verify identity. The use of biometrics enhances security by providing a level of authentication that is difficult to forge or replicate compared to traditional methods like passwords or PINs, leading to more secure access control.