“Foul trouble” in basketball refers to a situation where a player accumulates a significant number of personal fouls during a game. When a player reaches a certain limit, typically five or six fouls, they must leave the game, which can severely impact their team's ability to compete effectively. Managing fouls is critical, as it helps maintain a player's presence on the court while minimizing the risk of being penalized, ensuring that they can continue contributing to their team's success.