The type of radiation emitted by radioactive materials is known as ionizing radiation, which includes alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays. This radiation has enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, creating charged particles (ions). Ionizing radiation is used in various fields, including medicine, where it is applied in cancer treatment and imaging, and in industrial applications for materials testing. Understanding ionizing radiation is vital for ensuring safety standards, as exposure can lead to harmful effects, including cellular damage and increased cancer risk.