The term that describes the physical and biological processes that maintain ecosystems is ecological balance. This concept involves the interactions and interdependence among organisms, as well as between organisms and their physical environment. Factors contributing to ecological balance include nutrient cycling, energy flow, and population dynamics. Disruptions, such as pollution or habitat destruction, can lead to imbalances, resulting in biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. Maintaining ecological balance is vital for sustaining life on Earth, as it ensures the resilience and functioning of ecosystems, which provide essential services like clean air, water, and food resources.