The part of a neuron that receives signals from other neurons is called the dendrite. Dendrites are specialized extensions that branch out from the neuron's cell body, allowing them to collect and transmit electrical signals from other neurons. These signals can be in the form of neurotransmitters that bind to receptor sites on the dendrites, facilitating communication within the nervous system. The information gathered by the dendrites is then relayed to the cell body of the neuron for processing.