The term for the variety of different species within an ecosystem is called biodiversity. Biodiversity encompasses not only the number of species but also their genetic diversity and the variety of ecosystems present in a region. High levels of biodiversity contribute to ecosystem stability, resilience, and productivity. Biodiversity is essential for providing ecosystem services, such as cleaning water, pollination, and nutrient cycling. Conservation efforts aim to preserve biodiversity, recognizing its irreplaceable value to both human wellbeing and the health of the planet.