The scientific understanding of an ecosystem's carrying capacity refers to the maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely without degrading the habitat. This capacity is influenced by factors such as resource availability, environmental conditions, and interspecies relationships. If a population exceeds its carrying capacity, it can lead to resource depletion, habitat destruction, and increased mortality rates. Understanding carrying capacity is vital for managing wildlife populations and conserving ecosystems. It helps in maintaining ecological balance and ensuring long-term sustainability.