The scientific term for decomposers is "detritivores." These organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and some invertebrates, play a crucial role in ecosystems by breaking down organic matter from dead plants and animals. This decomposition process recycles nutrients back into the soil, facilitating plant growth and maintaining ecosystem health. Decomposers help to clean up waste, contributing to energy transfer in food webs and supporting overall ecological balance by ensuring the continuous availability of essential nutrients.