The scientific study of bones is called osteology. This branch of anthropology and biology focuses on the structure, function, and development of bones in various organisms, particularly humans. Osteologists study bone morphology, growth patterns, and changes that occur due to age, disease, or injury. This information is essential for understanding human anatomy, evolution, and health. Osteology also plays a crucial role in forensic science, helping identify human remains and determining factors related to age, sex, and ancestry based on skeletal analysis.