The scientific basis for the theory of plate tectonics includes the understanding that Earth's outer shell, the lithosphere, is divided into several large plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath. These tectonic plates interact at their boundaries, which can lead to geological events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the formation of mountains. Evidence supporting this theory comes from geological features, fossil distribution, and the matching of rock types across continents. The plate tectonics theory is fundamental in explaining the dynamic nature of our planet.