Genetic diversity plays a crucial role in adaptation and resilience within populations. High levels of genetic variation increase a species' ability to survive environmental changes—such as climate shifts, diseases, or habitat alterations—by providing a wider range of traits for natural selection to act upon. This diversity enables populations to adapt to changing conditions, ensuring survival and continuity. Conversely, low genetic diversity can make populations vulnerable to extinction, as they may lack the necessary traits to cope with new challenges. Thus, maintaining genetic diversity is essential for both conservation and evolutionary processes.