The primary function of the pancreas in the human body is to produce and secrete digestive enzymes and hormones. As an exocrine gland, it releases enzymes like amylase and lipase into the small intestine to facilitate food digestion. Additionally, the pancreas functions as an endocrine gland by regulating blood sugar levels through the secretion of insulin and glucagon, essential for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and proper energy utilization in the body.