The primary composition of all organic matter is carbon. Organic matter contains carbon atoms bonded with other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. This composition allows for the formation of complex molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, which are essential for life processes. Carbon's unique ability to form four covalent bonds enables the vast diversity of organic compounds. Understanding organic matter's composition is fundamental in fields like biochemistry and ecology, as it underpins the biochemical processes that sustain living organisms.