The primary cell type found in the nervous system is known as neurons. Neurons are specialized cells responsible for transmitting electrical signals throughout the body. They facilitate communication between the brain and various body parts, playing a crucial role in processing information, reflexes, and responses to stimuli. Supporting neurons are glial cells, which provide structural support, protection, and nourishment. The interplay between neurons and glial cells is vital for maintaining proper nervous system function, and understanding these cells is essential for research in neurology and related fields.