The main hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels is insulin. Produced by the pancreas, insulin plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, where it can be used for energy or stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle tissues. Insulin secretion is stimulated by increased blood glucose levels, such as after meals. Dysregulation of insulin can lead to conditions like diabetes, where blood sugar levels rise dangerously high, requiring effective management to prevent complications.