The main environmental factor affecting plant distribution is climate, which includes temperature, precipitation, and seasonal variations. Different plant species have adapted to specific climatic conditions, influencing their geographic range. For instance, arid regions favor drought-resistant species, while tropical areas support diverse rainforests. Additionally, factors like soil type, altitude, and human activity can also impact plant distribution. Understanding these climatic influences helps ecologists predict potential shifts in plant communities, especially in the context of climate change impacting global ecosystems.