The main effect of climate change on biodiversity is the alteration of habitats and ecosystems, leading to potential species extinction. As temperatures rise and weather patterns shift, many species struggle to survive in changed environments, affecting their distribution and survival rates. This loss of habitat can reduce genetic diversity and disrupt ecological relationships, ultimately threatening the overall health of ecosystems. Furthermore, climate change can exacerbate existing threats, such as pollution and habitat destruction, further endangering biodiversity on a global scale.