The function of the immune system is to protect the body from pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. It identifies and neutralizes harmful microorganisms using various components, including white blood cells, antibodies, and lymphatic tissues. The immune response can be either innate, providing a rapid but nonspecific response, or adaptive, which develops specific responses over time and provides long-term immunity. The immune system is crucial in maintaining health, preventing disease, and allowing recovery from infections.