The difference between innate and adaptive immunity lies in their mechanisms of action. Innate immunity is the body’s first line of defense, providing a rapid, non-specific response to infections through barriers, such as skin, and immune cells, like phagocytes. In contrast, adaptive immunity develops over time in response to specific pathogens, involving the activation of lymphocytes (B and T cells) and the production of antibodies. This immune system memory allows for a targeted and more efficient response upon re-exposure.