The biological significance of mitosis lies in its role in cell division, which is essential for growth, development, and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. During mitosis, a single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells, ensuring the accurate duplication of genetic material. This process is vital for maintaining chromosome number, allowing organisms to replace damaged or dead cells. Mitosis also plays a crucial role in asexual reproduction and contributes to the overall maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Understanding mitosis is fundamental to fields like cancer research and developmental biology.