A genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins. It consists of nucleotide sequences organized into codons, each of which specifies a particular amino acid. The genetic code is nearly universal, with few exceptions across different organisms, facilitating the transfer of genetic information. Understanding the genetic code is fundamental to genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology, enabling advancements in fields such as genetic engineering and medicine.