Plants adapt to their environmental conditions through various mechanisms. These adaptations can be morphological, physiological, or behavioral. For instance, cacti develop thick, waxy surfaces to reduce water loss in arid climates, while some plants have deep roots to access water in dry soils. Additionally, foliage may alter shape or size depending on light availability, optimizing photosynthesis. Other adaptations include changes in flowering time or fruiting strategies to align with seasonal variations. These adjustments allow plants to survive and thrive despite changing environmental factors and can influence entire ecosystems.