The significance of checks and balances in federal governance lies in its ability to prevent any single branch of government—executive, legislative, or judicial—from becoming too powerful. This system encourages cooperation and accountability, ensuring that power is dispersed and oversight mechanisms are in place. Each branch can monitor and limit the actions of the others, which helps safeguard against tyranny and abuse of power. By maintaining this balance, checks and balances enhance democratic governance, promote the rule of law, and protect the rights of citizens, fostering a stable political environment.