The difference between direct democracy and representative democracy lies in how citizens participate in decision-making. In direct democracy, citizens vote directly on laws and policies, engaging in the legislative process without intermediaries. This form often manifests in referendums and initiatives, allowing the populace to decide on specific issues. In contrast, representative democracy relies on elected officials to make decisions on behalf of the people. This system is more common in larger, complex societies, facilitating governance through elected representatives who consider constituents' interests while managing broader policy concerns. Each system has its advantages and challenges concerning citizen engagement and efficacy.