The concept of "checks and balances" refers to the system within the U.S. government designed to prevent any one branch from gaining excessive power. The three branches—Legislative, Executive, and Judicial—operate independently yet interdependently, allowing each branch to monitor and limit the actions of the others. For example, while Congress makes laws, the president can veto them, and the courts can interpret their constitutionality. This framework ensures accountability and protects against tyranny, maintaining a balance of power that is central to the Constitutional system.