"Political efficacy" refers to the belief that individual actions can influence political processes and outcomes. It encompasses two dimensions: internal efficacy, which pertains to an individual's confidence in their ability to understand and engage in politics, and external efficacy, which reflects the belief that the political system responds to citizens' actions. High political efficacy encourages civic engagement, participation in elections, and advocacy, as people feel empowered to make a difference. Conversely, low political efficacy can lead to disenfranchisement and apathy, undermining democratic participation and accountability.